00_Table of Contents |
Save page Remove page | Previous | 1 of 17 | Next |
small (250x250 max)
medium (500x500 max)
large ( > 500x500)
Full Resolution
|
This page
All
Subset |
Object Description
| Title | Foragers and Farmers of the Northern Kayenta Region Supplemental Volume 2: Archaic Site Descriptions |
| Subject | Archaeology |
| Publisher | The University of Utah Press |
| Format.Use | application/pdf; |
| Type | text |
| Language | English |
| Rights Management | This material may be protected by copyright. Permission required for use in any form. For further information please contact the University of Utah Press, J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah. |
Description
| Title | 00_Table of Contents |
| Description | Navajo Nation Archaeology Department Report No. 02-48 PREHISTORY OF THE NORTHERN KAYENTA ANASAZI REGION: ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS ALONG THE NAVAJO MOUNTAIN ROAD VOLUME II ARCHAIC SITE DESCRIPTIONS Edited and Assembled by Phil R. Geib Kimberly Spurr and Jim Collette Contributions by Victoria H. Clark Meredith Matthews Jim Collette L. Theodore Neff Stewart Deats Mick Robins Phil R. Geib Kari Schmidt Janet Hagopian Kimberly Spurr Andrea Hunter Susan J. Smith Kelley A. Hays-Gilpin Miranda Warburton Peter Koehler Submitted by Miranda Warburton, Ph.D., Principal Investigator Navajo Nation Archaeology Department Northern Arizona University Branch Office P.O. Box 6013 Flagstaff, AZ 86011 Prepared by the Navajo Nation Archaeology Department under the administration of the Navajo Nation Historic Preservation Department for the Bureau of Indian Affairs Navajo Area Office, Branch of Roads, Gallup, New Mexico ii VOLUME II ARCHAIC SITE DESCRIPTIONS Chapter 1. Introduction to the Archaic Period, Phil R. Geib Definition 1.1 History of Study 1.2 Archaic Occupation of the NMRAP Study Area 1.5 Cultural-Temporal Schemes 1.6 The NMRAP Archaic Site Sample 1.9 Chapter 2. Atlatl Rock Cave, Phil R. Geib, Nancy Coulam, Victoria H. Clark, and Kelley A. Hays-Gilpin Background and Surface Evidence 2.1 Location and Setting 2.2 Excavation Strategy 2.2 Stratigraphy 2.4 Dating 2.7 Features 2.8 Rock Art 2.9 Artifacts 2.10 Non-Artifactual Remains 2.16 Summary and Interpretation 2.21 Final Thoughts 2.24 Chapter 3. The Pits, Phil R. Geib Stratigraphy 3.2 Feature Descriptions 3.3 Artifacts 3.4 Non-Artifactual Remains 3.6 Chronology 3.7 Summary and Interpretation 3.9 Chapter 4. Hólahéi Scatter, Phil R. Geib Location and Setting 4.1 Background and Surface Evidence 4.2 Excavation Strategy 4.2 Stratigraphy 4.3 Feature Descriptions 4.5 Artifacts 4.6 Non-Artifactual Remains 4.11 Chronology 4.12 Summary and Interpretation 4.14 Chapter 5. Pee Wee Grande, Victoria H. Clark and Phil R. Geib Location and Setting 5.1 Background and Surface Evidence 5.1 Excavation Strategy 5.2 Stratigraphy 5.2 Feature Descriptions 5.3 Artifacts 5.4 iii Non-Artifactual Remains 5.6 Radiocarbon Dating 5.6 Summary and Interpretations 5.7 Chapter 6. Windy Mesa, Jim Collette and Phil R. Geib Location and Setting 6.1 Background and Surface Evidence 6.2 Excavation Strategy 6.2 Stratigraphy 6.3 Feature Descriptions 6.4 Artifacts 6.5 Non-Artifactual Remains 6.7 Radiocarbon Dating 6.7 Summary and Interpretations 6.8 Chapter 7. Polly’s Place, Kimberly Spurr and Phil R. Geib Stratigraphy 7.1 Feature Descriptions 7.2 Artifacts 7.5 Non-Artifactual Remains 7.5 Radiocarbon Dating 7.5 Summary and Interpretation 7.6 Chapter 8. Tres Campos, Phil R. Geib Location and Setting 8.1 Background and Surface Evidence 8.1 Excavation Strategy 8.2 Stratigraphy 8.3 Feature Descriptions 8.4 Artifacts 8.5 Non-Artifactual Remains 8.10 Chronology 8.10 Summary and Interpretation 8.11 Chapter 9. Big Bend, Phil R. Geib Location and Setting 9.1 Background and Surface Evidence 9.2 Excavation Strategy 9.3 Stratigraphy 9.3 Early Archaic 9.4 Late Archaic 9.5 Non-Artifactual Remains 9.8 Radiocarbon Dating 9.9 Summary and Interpretation 9.9 Chapter 10. Mouse House, Victoria H. Clark and Phil R. Geib Feature Descriptions 10.1 Artifacts 10.2 Non-Artifactual Remains 10.2 Radiocarbon Dating 10.2 Summary and Interpretation 10.2 iv Chapter 11. Dune Hollow, Victoria H. Clark and Phil R. Geib Stratigraphy 11.2 Feature Descriptions 11.3 Artifacts 11.3 Non-Artifactual Remains 11.4 Radiocarbon Dating 11.4 Summary and Interpretation 11.5 Chapter 12. Sapo Seco, Phil R. Geib Feature Description 12.1 Artifacts 12.1 Bone 12.2 Summary and Interpretations 12.2 Chapter 13. Bonsai Bivouac, Victoria H. Clark and Phil R. Geib Feature Descriptions 13.1 Artifacts 13.2 Non-Artifactual Remains 13.2 Radiocarbon Dating 13.2 Summary and Interpretation 13.2 Chapter 14. Three Dog Site, Kimberly Spurr and Phil R. Geib Excavation Strategy 14.2 Stratigraphy 14.3 Lower Late Archaic Component 14.5 Upper Late Archaic Component 14.15 Radiocarbon Dating 14.24 Summary and Interpretation 14.27 Chapter 15. UT-B-63-38, Phil R. Geib Location and Setting 15.1 Background and Surface Evidence 15.2 Excavation Strategy 15.2 Stratigraphy 15.3 Features 15.3 Artifacts 15.3 Nonartifactual Bone 15.5 Summary and Interpretations 15.5 Chapter 16. Tsé Haal’á, Phil R. Geib Location and Setting 16.1 Background and Surface Evidence 16.2 Excavation Strategy 16.2 Stratigraphy 16.3 Feature Descriptions 16.4 Artifacts 16.6 Non-Artifactual Remains 16.13 Radiocarbon Dating 15.15 Summary and Interpretation 16.16 v LIST OF FIGURES 1.1. All projectile points recovered from the early Archaic Stratum IV of Dust Devil Cave, excluding small fragments. 1.2. General cultural-temporal sequence for the N16 project area and the northern Colorado Plateau, showing chief temporal diagnostics. 1.3. Location of excavated NMRAP Archaic sites. Table 1.1 provides information about each site. 2.1. Topographic map of Atlatl Rock Cave and its local setting. 2.2. Detail map of Atlatl Rock Cave showing the general area disturbed by looters. 2.3. Views of Atlatl Rock Cave prior to looting: (a) view of interior from cave mouth, note patch of smoke blackening on ceiling; (b) view of mouth from north-central edge of cave. 2.4. Work underway at Atlatl Rock Cave showing the looter-disturbed areas, the profiles, and backdirt piles. The transit is set up over a wall remnant of Feature 3 with a nail marking the datum driven into its clay-plastered floor. At the center of the image is a peninsular remnant of intact deposits. 2.5. Detail of disturbed portion of the cave showing area cleared of looter backdirt and discovered cultural features. Features not shown on this map include Features 13a and 13b, two superimposed hearths that overlie the Feature 8 cist complex, and Feature 24, a storage pit that underlies the Feature 18 cist. 2.6. Stratigraphic section (NW to SE) of undisturbed deposits exposed in the east working face of the northern looted area (see Figure 2.5 for section location). This section overlaps with that of Figure 2.7 at Feature 15, a slab-lined and mortared storage cist. Photo shows the east face of the looter cut in the northern disturbed area with a 1 x 1 m test unit in shadow at the center bottom; the edge of an upright slab of a Basketmaker III cist (Feature 15) is seen toward the right side, as well as the faces of other upright slabs of other cists (Features 9 and 10). 2.7. Stratigraphic section (NE to SW) of undisturbed deposits exposed in the south working face of the northern looted area (see Figure 2.5 for section location). This section overlaps with Figure 2.6 at Feature 15. 2.8. Stratigraphic section (N to S) of undisturbed deposits on the west side of the peninsular remnant between the northern and southern areas of looting near the center of the cave (see Figure 2.5 for section location). Photo shows the rock spall layer of Unit III exposed in the east face of the peninsular remnant with most of the overlying Unit IV excavated. The cut for the Basketmaker III cist (Feature 18) superimposed within a Basketmaker II pit (Feature 24) occurs at the right edge of the image, with the face of an upright slab for a Basketmaker II cist (Feature 23) toward the left side. Compare this image with the Figure 2.7 profile drawing. The early Archaic Unit II is just barely exposed at the bottom of the rock spall layer, toward the center of the image. 2.9. Test unit in the southern looted area showing the surface of the early Archaic Unit II with grinding slabs, sandal fragments, and other remains as well as the profile along the east side of the test unit that includes the face of the looter cut. 2.10. Close-up of the east face of the looter cut in the northern disturbed area showing the entire stratigraphic sequence except that the rock spall layer (Unit III) is missing. This exposure well illustrates the massive and thick Unit IV with its minor subdivisions. Compare this image with the Figure 2.6 profile drawing. The early Archaic Unit II and underlying sterile are exposed at the bottom of the image within a 1 x 1 m test unit. 2.11. Two views of a complex of adjacent cists (Features 8a, 8b, 8c, 11, 12, and 22) within the edge of the southern looter-disturbed area. Also shown in the profile are the two superimposed hearths (Features 13a and 13b). 2.12. The principal rock art panels at Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.13. Selected stone tools from Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.14. Mountain sheep horn rod from Atlatl Rock Cave (bottom) and a similar but evidently unused rod from Sand Dune Cave. 2.15. Close-up views of one end of the horn rod from Atlatl Rock Cave showing use-wear traces. vi 2.16. Scanning electron microscope images of one end of the horn rod from Atlatl Rock Cave showing a tiny fragment of silica pushed down into the horn. 2.17. Open-twined sandal from Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.18. Schematic of construction details for several of the open-twined sandals recovered from Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.19. Well-preserved feather object from Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.20. Comparison of maize kernels from Basketmaker III and Basketmaker II contexts: top row, kernels from the Basketmaker III cist Feature 18; bottom row, kernels from the Basketmaker II pit Feature 24. 3.1. Archaic component of The Pits showing topography, work effort and features; inset shows the overall site map from Volume III, Chapter 3. 3.2. Schematic stratigraphic section for The Pits. 3.3. Orthogonal stratigraphic sections for the Archaic component of The Pits. 3.4. General view of the Archaic component of The Pits during the initial phase of testing in 1991, looking southwest. Hearth 1 is exposed in section in the road cut at the right edge of the photo, with a 1 x 1 m test unit just west of this cut. 3.5. Comparison of how the obsidian hydration dates compare with the radiocarbon age of Hearth 1. 4.1. Hólahéi Scatter site plan showing topography, work effort, and features. 4.2. Stratigraphic sections for Hólahéi Scatter: A, Strata I–V and IX–XI exposed in SW face of backhoe trench at N75.80–78.25/E113.80–117.20; B, Strata VI–XI exposed in west face of a 1 x 1 m unit at N84–85/E104. 4.3. Distribution of burned lithic artifacts by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for Hólahéi Scatter. 4.4. Plan and section of Hearth 1 at Hólahéi Scatter, with photos of the same feature before and after excavation; note the charcoal staining on the surface to the west of the identified feature. 4.5. Plan and section of Hearth 2 at Hólahéi Scatter, with photos of the same feature before and after excavation; prior to the upper photo several centimeters of charcoal-stained matrix within an amorphous area had been removed to reveal the roughly circular outline identified as a hearth. 4.6. Debitage density by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for Hólahéi Scatter. 4.7. Obsidian debitage density by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for Hólahéi Scatter. 4.8. SEM images of two flakes from Hólahéi Scatter exhibiting abrasion on flake arrises that is consistent with transport wear. Artifacts PN 522.2 (top) and PN 517.2 (bottom). 4.9. Projectile point fragments and a biface fragment from Hólahéi Scatter: (a) basal portion (20.1.1) of a large stemmed dart point of Honaker Trail chert; (b) point midsection (18.1.1) of Chinle chalcedony with impact resulting in the detachment of a flute-like flake from the tip that overshot the biface; (c) stage 2 biface (edged flake) of obsidian broken by perverse fracture, exhibits transport wear as shown in Figure 4.8 (item 517.2.2). 4.10. Bone density by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for Hólahéi Scatter. 5.1. Pee Wee Grande site plan showing topography, work effort, and features. 5.2. General view of Pee Wee Grande; photo taken during extent testing in 1992 looking north at Locus A, taken from Locus B. 5.3. Stratigraphic section of Locus B at Pee Wee Grande showing Strata I–VII, IX, and X. 5.4. Stratigraphic section of Locus A at Pee Wee Grande showing Strata VIII–XI. 5.5. Plans and sections of Hearths 7 (a) and 11 (b), Pee Wee Grande. 5.6. Hearths 8 and 9 of Pee Wee Grande after excavation. 5.7. Plan of Hearths 4 and 5, Pee Wee Grande. 5.8. Debitage density by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for Pee Wee Grande. 6.1. Windy Mesa site plan showing topography, work effort, and features. vii 6.2. Detail of the main excavation area at Windy Mesa showing the excavated Archaic features as well as the two hearths that dated to the Puebloan period. 6.3. View to the southwest from Windy Mesa with the Archaic component under excavation in the foreground and the Navajo Canyon system in the background with White Mesa on the horizon at left. 6.4. General view of Windy Mesa during excavation of the Basketmaker and Archaic components. Crew members are Wilson Begay, John Blake (sitting), and Lee Black, Jr. 6.5. Stratigraphic section of Windy Mesa showing Strata I–IV. 6.6. Plans and sections of Archaic hearths and slab-lined feature at Windy Mesa: (a) Hearth 1, (b) Hearth 2, (c) Hearth 3, and (d) cist? 6.7. Hearth 1 at Windy Mesa after excavation with the south half removed by the backhoe trench. 6.8. Hearth 4 at Windy Mesa after excavation exposure by backhoe stripping and after excavation. 6.9. Debitage density by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for the Archaic component of Windy Mesa. 6.10. Heavily reworked dart point base of obsidian (PN 556.1.1); stem margins and base are heavily abraded. 7.1. Polly’s Place site plan showing topography, work effort, and Archaic features. 7.2. Stratigraphic section of Polly’s Place showing Strata I–V and the fill of Structure 1 of the Basketmaker component including one of the house’s interior hearths. 7.3. Plan of Hearth 2 of Polly’s Place along with a view of the feature (looking west) during the early stage of excavation. 7.4. Plan and sections of Hearths 6 and 7 of Polly’s Place. 7.5. View of Hearth 7 after excavation (looking south) showing the fill of the unexcavated portion. 7.6. Plan of Hearths 11 and 12 of Polly’s Place and stratigraphic section of Hearth 12. 7.7. View of Hearth 12 (looking west) showing the fill of the unexcavated portion; the plan of Hearth 11 is partially visible in the upper right corner. The other part of Hearth 12 was removed by backhoe. 8.1. Tres Campos site plan showing topography, work effort, and features of the three components. 8.2. Stratigraphic section of Tres Campos: (a) section through the Puebloan component on the dune knoll in the center of the site as exposed by hand excavation; (b) section of the Archaic component exposed by the cut for the existing Navajo Mountain road. 8.3. Debitage density by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for the Archaic component of Tres Campos: (a) all debitage; (b) obsidian debitage only. 8.4. Elko Corner-notched projectile point from the Archaic component of Tres Campos. 8.5. Bone density by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for the Archaic component of Tres Campos. 9.1. Big Bend site plan showing topography, work effort, and features of the two components; the inset is a detail map of the excavated area and Archaic features. 9.2. Looking northwest across the area where a burned Basketmaker II pit structure once resided with the existing Navajo Mountain road cut to bedrock some 2–3 m below the modern ground surface. Ridge line on the horizon separates the upper reaches of Segito and Pyramid Canyons (part of the Navajo Canyon system) from the upper western tributaries of Piute Canyon. 9.3. Two views (looking west) of the Archaic component at Big Bend: (a) mapping the site during extent testing in 1991 with the transit setup on the datum, which lies at the southeast edge of the excavation area (Peter Bungart operates the transit with John Blake assisting); (b) near the end of data recovery with the mechanically stripped area in the foreground. Crew member Keith King stands in the hand-excavation area with Elaine Manheimer (Smith) at the truck. 9.4. Typical stratigraphy for the late Archaic component showing a roasting pit (Hearth 4) that originates from the bottom of Stratum II; the early Archaic Hearth 5 might have originated from Stratum III or perhaps the III–IV contact. 9.5. View (looking west) of the early Archaic Hearth 5 after excavation of its dark, charcoal-stained fill. viii Note the underlying Navajo Sandstone; the surrounding surface is the level of mechanical stripping. 9.6. View (looking north) of the late Archaic Hearth 1 after excavation of its charcoal-stained fill; the southern (downslope) side of this feature has eroded. The feature was partially exposed on the modern ground surface. 9.7. View (looking west) of the late Archaic Hearths 7 and 8 after excavation of their charcoal-stained fill. The sandstone slabs of Hearth 7 have been partially damaged and displaced by backhoe stripping. 9.8. Calibrated radiocarbon dates for the late Archaic component of The Pits. 10.1. Mouse House site plan showing topography, work effort, and features of the three components. 10.2. Plan and profile of Hearth 8, Archaic component of Mouse House along with views of the feature before and after excavation. The before view shows the hearth as exposed in section by a backhoe trench and in plan after excavating the overlying Strata I and II. 11.1. Dune Hollow site plan showing topography, work effort, and features of the two components. 11.2. Looking west across Dune Hollow during the start of extent testing in 1991. Jim Huffman stands at the site datum, which lies between the Puebloan structure and the Archaic hearth; the southeast flank of Navajo Mountain is barely visible in the upper right. 11.3. Stratigraphic section for Dune Hollow showing Strata I–IV and two early Archaic hearths originating from the bottom of Stratum IVa; the Puebloan Hearth 4 originated from the bottom of Stratum II. 12.1. Plan and profile of the early Archaic Hearth 1 at Sapo Seco. 12.2. View of the early Archaic Hearth 1 during excavation showing the dark, charcoal-stained fill of the feature (looking southwest). 12.3. Late Paleoindian projectile point base found on the surface near the hearth. 13.1. Site setting of Bonsai Bivouac looking northwest with Navajo Mountain filling the horizon; the remnants of a masonry structure occur in the foreground. 13.2. Archaic and Basketmaker hearths at Bonsai Bivouac. 13.3. Hearth 2 as exposed in plan view by backhoe stripping and after excavation, with the bottom of the feature on bedrock (looking north). 14.1. Plan map of Three Dog Site showing the topography and principal features visible from the surface, none of which were Archaic in age. 14.2. Central portion of Three Dog Site showing the features of the late Archaic components and the data recovery work effort for these components. 14.3. View of Three Dog Site in 1992 during extent testing showing the masonry rubble exposed by the removal of loose eolian sand (looking west). The test units in the center foreground are within a depression of a kiva (Structure 5); the test units forming a trench in the background sectioned two structures and exposed part of a late Archaic cultural stratum. Crew members are Jackie Chief, John Blake, and Elaine Manheimer (Smith). 14.4. Views of excavation underway for the Archaic components of Three Dog Site. Top: Leo Tsinnijinnie and Lanell Poseyesva excavating the lowermost late Archaic cultural stratum at the far western edge of the site (Locus 1), roughly 1.5 m below the Basketmaker II and Puebloan occupation surface; overburden was removed by backhoe with the charcoal-stained cultural stratum hand excavated by 1 x 1 m units and screened with 1/8" mesh. Bottom: hand excavation on the two superimposed cultural strata associated with the upper late Archaic component near the ROW edge (Locus 6). Willie Navajo (closest) and John Blake shovel out the uppermost stratum with Ericksen Bitsinnie screening sediment in the depression of an excavated Puebloan mealing room. Excavation in this portion of the site required careful attention so as to separate features and deposits from the four overlying components: two late Archaic, mid Pueblo III, and late Pueblo III. 14.5. West-east profile and composite photo (view to north) of the stratigraphic sequence in the central ix portion of Three Dog Site where features and deposits for four distinct components were superimposed. The dark charcoal-stained layer and basin hearths (Hearths 13 and 15) at the bottom of the section formed part of the Locus 2 lowest late Archaic component at the site, one that appeared to differ in use-episode from that which resulted in the Locus 1 hearth concentration at the western edge of the site shown in Figure 14.6. Within the massive dune deposit (Stratum IV) above the lowest Archaic layer was evidence of additional late Archaic occupations—thin discontinuous charcoal-stained layers with hearths and artifacts (charcoal staining from the edge of Hearth 25 is visible above and left of Hearth 13). Features of the overlying Puebloan components are also exposed, including a large bell-shaped pit that originated from the edge of a middle Pueblo III structure and extended through the lowest Archaic layer into the underlying sterile. The cambic layer that formed the Puebloan occupation surface is readily visible at the left side of the image. 14.6. North-south views of deposits at the western edge of Three Dog Site. The photo composite shows strata overlying the lowermost late Archaic component at Locus 1; the depth of this north-south cut is roughly 1.4 m (view to east). The charcoal-stained cultural layer is clearly visible at the bottom of the section along with a small “test window” excavated into the underlying sterile (this was done from the bottom of a backhoe trench during extent testing). The cambic layer that marks the prehistoric occupation surface for both the Basketmaker II and Puebloan components of the site is visible as the somewhat discontinuous reddish band about 20 cm or less below the modern ground surface. 14.7. Map of the lower late Archaic component of Three Dog Site showing excavated features and areas where the cultural stratum was excavated and screened. Loci 1 and 2 were separated by a drainage that was present at the time of occupation; Locus 1 was occupied several hundred years before Locus 2. 14.8. View of Hearth 1 by itself at the far western edge of Three Dog Site within the area partially disturbed by road maintenance (overlying layers were removed down to about 10 cm above the feature); the area within the extent testing backhoe trench (right side) had been excavated below the bottom of the feature in order to obtain a clear profile. 14.9. Examples of hearths in Locus 1 of the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site: (a) Hearth 4, (b) Hearths 6 and 7, (c) Hearth 8, and (d) Hearth 12. 14.10. Examples of hearths in Locus 2 of the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site: (a) Hearth 13 with a quarter of its fill remaining, note the fuel layer at the bottom; (b) Hearths 13 and 15 after full excavation; and (c) Hearth 19 partially excavated. 14.11. Hearth 20 of Locus 2 of the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site with fill half removed and totally excavated. 14.12. Spatial distribution of biface production debris for the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.13. Mano from the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.14. Bone artifacts from the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.15. Map of the upper late Archaic component of Three Dog Site showing excavated features and areas where the cultural stratum was excavated and screened. 14.16. Hearth 25 of the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site with fill half removed from the intact portion and totally excavated. 14.17. Hearth 29 of Locus 5 of the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site with fill half removed. 14.18. (a) Spatial distribution of the two most abundant raw materials (Glen Canyon chert and orthoquartzite) represented in the debitage of the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. (b) Spatial distribution of the two most abundant flake types (percussion biface and pressure) represented in the debitage of the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. Sixteen notching flakes are included with the pressure flakes. 14.19. Examples of flaked stone tools from the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site: (a) Elko Corner-notched dart point recovered in two pieces—the midsection (1254.1.2) from the Archaic stratum and the base (887.3.1) from the hearth of Structure 18; (b) drill made on a recycled corner-notched dart point (1257.2.1); (c) stage 4 biface tip (1238.1.1); and (d) stage 3 biface tip (1255.2.1). 14.20. Examples of manos from the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. x 14.21. The single bone artifact from the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.22. Spatial distribution of total faunal bone and total debitage for the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.23. Plot of calibrated radiocarbon dates for the late Archaic component of Three Dog Site, organized from oldest to youngest. 14.24. Plot of calibrated radiocarbon dates for the late Archaic component of Three Dog Site organized by temporal sequence from oldest to youngest and by horizontal and vertical components (loci) with rejected dates crossed out. 15.1. UT-B-63-38 site plan showing topography and work effort. 15.2. View of UT-B-63-38 near the end of hand excavation looking southeast; a historic component to the site lies outside the ROW near the transmission line in the background. 15.3. Debitage density by 1 x 1 m excavation unit for UT-B-63-38. 15.4. Manos recovered from UT-B-63-38. 16.1. View of Tsé Haal’á (looking southwest) across the portion of the site heavily deflated and partially disturbed by road equipment; many of the numerous sandstone rocks are grinding slab fragments. Navajo Mountain is seen in the background across the sagebrush-filled drainage basin that leads up to Sand Dune Cave. 16.2. Tsé Haal’á site plan showing topography, work effort, and features. 16.3. View of the middle portion of Tsé Haal’á during extent testing in 1992, looking south toward the prominent landmark of Segazlin Mesa. 16.4. Strata preserved in the southern portion of the Tsé Haal’á site area where deflation has not removed the late Archaic cultural stratum; Hearth 11 is partially sectioned on its southern edge by an extent testing backhoe trench. 16.5. Data recovery area at Tsé Haal’á showing the excavated features. 16.6. Examples of basin hearths at Tsé Haal’á: (a) Hearth 3; (b) Hearths 6 (right) and 7; and (c) Hearth 11 (see Figure 16.5). 16.7. Projectile points recovered from surface and subsurface contexts of of Tsé Haal’á (artifacts are actual size): (a–e) Elko Corner-notched; (f–j) probable Elko Corner-notched snapped across the notches; (k) barb fragment of probable Elko; (l–n) Elko Eared; (o) notched point, probably Elko Corner-notched; (p) high side-notched point snapped across the notches, perhaps Sudden Side-notched but smaller than normal; and (q) Bull Creek or Anasazi triangular. 16.8. Retouched Folsom channel flake recovered from the surface of Tsé Haal’á. Image is twice actual size. 16.9. Examples of unidirectionally flaked tools from Tsé Haal’á. 16.10. Calibrated radiocarbon dates for Tsé Haal’á. xi LIST OF TABLES 1.1. Summary of Archaic sites excavated during the NMRAP. 2.1. Radiocarbon determinations for Atlatl Rock Cave in chronological sequence from oldest to youngest. 2.2. Summary of features documented at Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.3. General material class by depositional unit, Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.4. Ceramic types b recovery location, Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.5. Stone artifacts by depositional unit, Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.6. Perishable artifacts by depositional unit, Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.7. Macrobotanical and other remains observed in dry screened matrix samples, Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.8. Nonartifactual plant remains by depositional unit, Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.9. Domesticates by depositional unit, Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.10. Comparison of maize kernel measurements for Basketmaker II and Basketmaker III samples, Atlatl Rock Cave. 2.11. Nonartifactual animal remains by depositional unit, Atlatl Rock Cave. 3.1. Stone artifact assemblage, Archaic component of The Pits. 3.2. Flake categories, Archaic component of The Pits. 3.3. Debitage raw material by count and weight, Archaic component of The Pits. 3.4. Debitage raw material by flake category, Archaic component of The Pits (excludes indeterminate). 3.5. Debitage raw material by cortex, Archaic component of The Pits. 3.6. Flaked stone tool raw material by morphofunctional type, Archaic component of The Pits. 3.7. Summary of macrobotanical remains recovered from three samples and three proveniences, Archaic component of The Pits. 3.8. Radiocarbon determinations for the Archaic component of The Pits. 3.9. Obsidian hydration dating results for the Archaic component of The Pits. 4.1. Stone artifact assemblage of Hólahéi Scatter. 4.2. Flake categories, Hólahéi Scatter. 4.3. Debitage raw material by count and weight, Hólahéi Scatter. 4.4. Debitage raw material by flake category, Hólahéi Scatter. 4.5. Debitage raw material by cortex, Hólahéi Scatter. 4.6. Stone tool type by raw material, Hólahéi Scatter. 4.7. Summary of macrobotanical remains recovered from six samples and three proveniences from Hólahéi Scatter. 4.8. Identified faunal remains of Hólahéi Scatter. 4.9. Radiocarbon determinations for Hólahéi Scatter. 4.10. Obsidian hydration determinations for Hólahéi Scatter. 5.1. Hearth measurements and artifact counts, Archaic component of Pee Wee Grande. 5.2. Stone artifact assemblage, Archaic component of Pee Wee Grande. 5.3. Flake category by raw material, Archaic component of Pee Wee Grande. 5.4. Debitage raw material by count and weight, Archaic component of Pee Wee Grande. 5.5. Debitage cortex amount in relation to raw material type, Archaic component of Pee Wee Grande. xii 5.6. Pollen counts from samples of Pee Wee Grande (excludes sterile samples). 5.7. Radiocarbon determinations for the Archaic component of Pee Wee Grande. 6.1. Stone artifact assemblage, Archaic component of Windy Mesa. 6.2. Flake categories, Archaic component of Windy Mesa. 6.3. Debitage raw material by count and weight, Archaic component of Windy Mesa. 6.4. Debitage raw material by flake category, Archaic component of Windy Mesa. 6.5. Debitage raw material by cortex, Archaic component of Windy Mesa. 6.6. Summary of macrobotanical remains recovered from four samples and four proveniences from the Archaic component of Windy Mesa. 6.7. Pollen counts from samples of Windy Mesa. 6.8. Radiocarbon determinations for the Archaic component of Windy Mesa. 7.1. Summary of hearths, Archaic component of Polly’s Place. 7.2. Debitage raw material by flake category, Archaic component of Polly’s Place. 7.3. Radiocarbon determinations for the Archaic component of Polly’s Place. 8.1. Stone artifact assemblage, Archaic component of Tres Campos. 8.2. Flake categories, Archaic component of Tres Campos. 8.3. Debitage raw material by count and weight, Archaic component of Tres Campos. 8.4. Debitage raw material by flake category, Archaic component of Tres Campos. 8.5. Debitage cortex, Archaic component of Tres Campos. 8.6. Faunal remains from the Archaic component of Tres Campos. 8.7. Radiocarbon determinations for the Archaic component of Tres Campos. 9.1. Hearth measurements and content, Archaic component of Big Bend. 9.2. Stone artifact assemblage, late Archaic component of Big Bend. 9.3. Debitage raw material by flake category for the late Archaic component of Big Bend. 9.4. Radiocarbon determinations for the late Archaic component of Big Bend. 10.1. Summary information for hearths of the Archaic component at Mouse House. 10.2. Radiocarbon determinations for the Archaic component of Mouse House. 11.1. Debitage raw material by flake category, Archaic component of Dune Hollow. 11.2. Faunal remains from the Archaic component of Dune Hollow. 11.3. Radiocarbon determinations for the Archaic component of Dune Hollow. 12.1. Debitage raw material by flake category, Archaic component of Sapo Seco. 13.1. Summary information for hearths of the Archaic component at Bonsai Bivouac. 13.2. Radiocarbon determinations for the Archaic component at Bonsai Bivouac. 14.1. Summary information for hearths of the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.2. Stone artifact assemblage for lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.3. Debitage flake category, lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.4. Debitage raw material by count and weight, lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.5. Debitage raw material by flake category, from lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.6. Debitage raw material by cortex for lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.7. Raw material distribution within Locus 1 versus Loci 2 and 3 in the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. xiii 14.8. Technology for Owl Rock chert flakes from Locus 1 in the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.9. General category by raw material for flaked tools from lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.10. Summary of charred macrobotanical remains recovered from 20 samples from the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.11. Pollen results for the samples from the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.12. Faunal remains from the lower late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.13. Summary information for hearths of the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.14. Stone artifact assemblage from upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.15. Debitage flake category, upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.16. Debitage raw material by count and weight, upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.17. Debitage raw material by flake category, upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.18. Debitage raw material by cortex, upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.19. Debitage raw material for the loci of the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.20. Debitage flake categories the loci of the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.21. General tool category by raw material, upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.22. Flake technology by inferred function for utilized flakes from the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.23. Summary of charred macrobotanical remains recovered from seven samples from the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.24. Pollen results for the samples from the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.25. Faunal remains from the upper late Archaic component at Three Dog Site. 14.26. Radiocarbon determinations for all Archaic components at Three Dog Site. 15.1. Stone artifact assemblage, UT-B-63-38. 15.2. Debitage flake categories, UT-B-63-38. 15.3. Debitage raw material by count and weight, UT-B-63-38. 15.4. Debitage raw material by flake category, UT-B-63-38. 15.5. Debitage cortex, UT-B-63-38. 15.6. Flaked stone tool general type by raw material, UT-B-63-38. 15.7. Flake category by inferred function for utilized flakes, UT-B-63-38. 16.1. Hearth measurements and artifact counts, Tsé Haal’á. 16.2. Stone artifact assemblage from buried and surface contexts of Tsé Haal’á. 16.3. Flake category from buried, screened surface, and surface collected contexts of Tsé Haal’á. 16.4. Debitage raw material from buried, screened surface, and surface collected contexts of Tsé Haal’á. 16.5. Debitage raw material by cortex for buried and surface contexts of Tsé Haal’á. 16.6. Debitage raw material by weight for buried and surface contexts of Tsé Haal’á. 16.7. Debitage raw material by flake category for buried contexts of Tsé Haal’á. 16.8. Debitage raw material by flake category for total assemblage of Tsé Haal’á. 16.9. Flaked stone tool raw material by general class for the buried and total assemblage of Tsé Haal’á. 16.10. Utilized flake function by flake type, entire assemblage, Tsé Haal’á. 16.11. Flaked facial tool morphofunctional type by raw material, buried contexts of Tsé Haal’á. 16.12. Flaked facial tool morphofunctional type by raw material, total assemblage of Tsé Haal’á. 16.13. Core/nodular tool raw material by inferred function for total assemblage of Tsé Haal’á. 16.14. Grinding tool type by raw material source, grain size, and tool condition for the buried assemblage from Tsé Haal’á. xiv 16.15. Grinding tool type by raw material source, grain size, and tool condition for the surface assemblage of Tsé Haal’á. 16.16. Type of miscellaneous stone artifact by raw material for the buried assemblage from Tsé Haal’á. 16.17. Type of miscellaneous stone artifact by raw material for the surface assemblage from Tsé Haal’á. 16.18. Pollen analysis results for Tsé Haal’á. 16.19. Faunal remains recovered from Tsé Haal’á. 16.20. Radiocarbon determinations for Tsé Haal’á. |
| Rights Management | This material may be protected by copyright. Permission required for use in any form. For further information please contact the University of Utah Press, J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah. |
