Basis for Emission Calculation from Flare Systems

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Title Basis for Emission Calculation from Flare Systems
Creator Smith, Scot; Pettys, Ben
Date 2012-09-05
Spatial Coverage presented at Salt Lake City, Utah
Abstract In 1983, the Chemical Manufacturer's Association (CMA) sponsored a study in an attempt to define emission factors for flare systems. The study encompassed several variables including the lower heating value of the gas, relief gas flow rate, air assist rate, and steam assist rate. Emissions were continuously monitored by a sample probe located above the flare flame to analyze the concentrations of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and oxygen. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published the AP-42 guideline for flare system emissions, citing values that are essentially averages considering all of the CMA testing data. Unfortunately, companies using the AP-42 data as their guideline for permitting elevated flares could be citing values that are far from accurate, considering the wide range of conditions tested in the CMA study. This paper will examine the original CMA test data, discuss possible variations between the testing from 1983 and modern flare system designs and operation, and identify the applicable conditions for employing the various published factors for flare emissions.
Type Text
Format application/pdf
Rights This material may be protected by copyright. Permission required for use in any form. For further information please contact the American Flame Research Committee.
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ARK ark:/87278/s6gx4f6r
Setname uu_afrc
ID 14116
Reference URL https://collections.lib.utah.edu/ark:/87278/s6gx4f6r